Abstract
Key agreement is one the most essential steps when applying cryptographic techniques to secure device-to-device (D2D) communications. Recently, several PHY-based solutions have been proposed by leveraging the channel gains as a common randomness source for key extraction in wireless networks. However, these schemes usually suffer a low rate of key generation and low entropy of generated key and rely on the mobility of devices. In this paper, a novel secret key extraction protocol is proposed by using interference in wireless D2D fading channel. It establishes symmetrical keys for two wireless devices by measuring channel gains and utilizing artificial jamming sent by the third party to change the measured value of channel gains. We give a theoretically reachable key rate of the proposed scheme from the viewpoint of the information theory. It shows that the proposed scheme can make hundred times performance gain than the existing approaches theoretically. Experimental results also demonstrate that the proposed scheme can achieve a secure key distribution with a higher key rate and key entropy compared with the existing schemes.
Highlights
Because of the broadcast and open-air nature of a wireless channel, device-to-device (D2D) communications [1, 2] are vulnerable to message eavesdropping and node impersonation [3,4,5,6]
In [19], there is no any added method to pretreat the measurements before bit quantization, while this paper proposed a low entropy measurement elimination algorithm and random permutation algorithm to eliminate the low entropy measurements and to increase the randomness of measurements, respectively
The artificialjamming-based secret key extraction consists of five components: (1) collection of random source, (2) low entropy measurements elimination, (3) random permutation, (4) adaptive multiple-bit extraction, and (5) information reconciliation and privacy amplification
Summary
Because of the broadcast and open-air nature of a wireless channel, device-to-device (D2D) communications [1, 2] are vulnerable to message eavesdropping and node impersonation [3,4,5,6]. Existing approaches still suffer from reliance on mobile environments, low key generation rate and key entropy [14] To address these problems, a number of solutions have been proposed [15,16,17,18,19]. (1) A new key generation scheme is designed for D2D communication by leveraging the artificial jamming to change the channel gains. Unlike existing approaches [8, 11], in the proposed scheme, the legitimate users can obtain multiple different channel measurements in each coherence time (2) A new bit extraction method is proposed to improve the key generation rate and key entropy, which includes low entropy measurement elimination, random permutation, and adaptive multiple-bit extraction (3) Extensive experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme with both theoretical analysis and simulation.
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