Abstract
A light-up fluorescent probe for the detection of adenosine was constructed with an AIE (aggregation-induced emission) molecule and a DNA aptamer. The AIE molecule was used as a signal generator, and the DNA aptamer was used as a recognition element for adenosine. The emission of the AIE molecule was due to its intramolecular rotation restriction induced by the aptamer upon binding of adenosine. The optimal component ratio of the probe was AIE molecule/DNA aptamer = 100 (μM/μM). The calibration curve of adenosine detection showed a linear range of 10 pM to 0.5 μM with an R2 of 0.996, and the detection limit of the probe was 10 pM. The probe exhibited a good selectivity to adenosine against its analogs (uridine, guanosine, and cytidine). The probe was used to detect adenosine in urine samples, a recovery from 86.8% to 90.0% for the spiked concentrations of adenosine (0.01, 0.05, 0.1 μM). The relative standard deviation from 1.2% to 2.0% was obtained. The intra-day and inter-day tests also showed good precisions, with measurement RSD values of 2.3% and 2.1%, respectively.
Highlights
Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) [1] is a phenomenon that a luminescent molecule is non-emissive when it is dissolved in a solution
The unique photo physical phenomenon was first discovered by Tang and his colleagues in 2001. They later explained that the unique phenomenon was caused by a restriction of intramolecular rotation (RIR) of AIE molecules
Light-up probes are more preferred than light-off probes because they give less false-positive responses, so that interests are drawn to design and synthesis of AIE probes for bio-detection purposes [2,3,4,5,6,7]
Summary
Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) [1] is a phenomenon that a luminescent molecule is non-emissive when it is dissolved in a solution. It becomes emissive when it is in an aggregation state. The unique photo physical phenomenon was first discovered by Tang and his colleagues in 2001. They later explained that the unique phenomenon was caused by a restriction of intramolecular rotation (RIR) of AIE molecules. If an analysis target can induce the restriction of intramolecular rotation of an AIE molecule, it will light up the fluorogen: the AIE molecule will give a fluorescent response to the analysis target. To restrict the intramolecular rotation of an AIE molecule, an interaction between the AIE molecule and the target molecule is usually required
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