Abstract
The human brain’s structure operates as a systemic whole with an absolute interdependence between its respective parts. Processes, such as information, consciousness, awareness, conscience depict humans’ layered consciousness state, but also the wholeness, coherence and continuity of human cognition. Awareness contains self-awareness, a fundamental metacognitive ability, through which individuals perceive the internal world of thoughts, reflect, imagine, feel emotions and daydream as well as external awareness, through which individuals perceive the outside world with the help of the five senses. Moreover, neuroplasticity and consciousness are bi-directionally connected; consciousness, on the one hand, is the result of the growing complexity of the brain connectivity and, on the other hand, neuroplasticity stems from reorganizing brain connections through learning activities. The conscious brain is in a perpetual state of learning and evolvement; it learns how to describe and re-describe its own functions and illustrates the ancient Greek word “Anthropos” meaning someone looking higher and higher above.
Highlights
Neuroscience is the scientific field, which has drawn attention to the multiple facets of consciousness, which encompasses relatively uncharted, yet interdependent cognitive processes
Notwithstanding, there are cognitive processes, fundamental for the development of human consciousness, which are characterized by their contradictive function, such as self and external awareness [2]
The second-level of consciousness state focuses on the top-down cognitive processes controlled by the person, insinuating the existence of a certain level of self-regulation capabilities to control his or her external awareness
Summary
Neuroscience is the scientific field, which has drawn attention to the multiple facets of consciousness, which encompasses relatively uncharted, yet interdependent cognitive processes. Research is leading to a layered model of human consciousness based on a person’s cognitive and metacognitive profile [1]. Primary or sensory consciousness consists in the creation of a neural multimodal scene, while higher-order consciousness involves the same aspects of primary consciousness, with the addition of a frame of reference that can “access” the past, present, and future, a sense of self and the ability to construct past and future representations [12]. Modern humans can reach up to the higher extended consciousness and possess complex language skills, strong sense of both past and future, strong sense of autobiographical self and memory, conscience as well as substantial artistic and scientific creativity [13]. Consciousness is part of human cognition and it depicts individuals’ cognitive and metacognitive status with special emphasis on humans’ growing difficulty to reach a higher-level consciousness state
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