A latent profile analysis using the theory of planned behavior to predict alcohol use

Abstract

Objective The current study sought to identify subgroups of adult drinkers who differ in their level of association between alcohol-related Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) constructs (attitudes, perceived norms, self-efficacy, and intentions), and explore if distinct subgroup profiles relate to alcohol use two weeks later. Design Participants (N = 121) were recruited to participate in a two-week study about daily experiences with exercise and alcohol (Mage = 30.93; SDage = 9.88; 59.2% female; 71.1% Caucasian). Main Outcome Measures Alcohol attitudes, subjective norms, alcohol refusal self-efficacy, and intentions were used to create class membership. Behavioral outcomes included (1) drinking frequency, (2) drinking quantity, and (3) drinking to get drunk. Results Two classes of drinkers were determined – Class 1 was categorized by moderate scores on all constructs, whereas Class 2 was categorized by moderate scores on attitudes and high scores on norms, alcohol refusal self-efficacy, and intentions. Class designation was associated with frequency, but not quantity of use. Conclusion The current study suggests that a minority of individuals who score moderately across all constructs should receive intervention efforts that focus on just those included in the TPB, while the vast majority may require additional constructs to be addressed.