Abstract

There is growing interest in large infrequent disturbances (LIDs), but by definition they occur rarely and long-term data are needed in order to study their effects and frequency. Palaeoecological records have the potential to provide information on the effects and frequency of LIDs. By comparing recent sedimentary records with known historical data, the effects of LIDs on pollen, charcoal and sedimentary sequences can be assessed. In this study, a LID in East Africa is described, and its representation in the palaeoecological record is explored. Historical records show that there was severe drought and famine in East Africa at the end of the 19th century. Fossil pollen and charcoal records from this period show evidence of a disturbance event that occurred at approximately this time. Statistical comparison of pollen and charcoal data from before, during and after the disturbance event identified it as a LID. The data also suggest that an erosion event occurred part way through the drought, indicating that an environmental threshold was exceeded. Resume L'interet pour les Grandes Perturbations peu frequentes (Large Infrequent Disturbances– LID) va croissant, mais par definition, elles n'arrivent pas souvent, et il faut des donnees a long terme pour etudier leurs effets et leur frequence. Les rapports paleo-ecologiques peuvent nous donner des informations a ce sujet. En comparant des rapports sur les sediments avec des donnees historiques connues, on peut etudier les effets des LID sur les sequences des pollens, du charbon de bois et de la sedimentation. Dans cet article, on decrit un LID en Afrique de l'Est et on etudie sa representation dans les rapports paleo-ecologiques. Les rapports historiques montrent qu'il y eut une grave secheresse et une famine dans l'est de l'Afrique a la fin du 19eme siecle. Les releves de pollens et de charbon de bois de cette periode montrent des signes d'un evenement perturbant qui s'est passea peu pres a cette epoque. La comparaison statistique des donnees sur le pollen et le charbon de bois datant d'avant, pendant et apres la perturbation l'a identifiee comme un LID. Les donnees suggerent aussi qu'une erosion survint au cours de la secheresse, ce qui suggere qu'un seuil environnemental avait ete franchi.

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