Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important hospital- or community-acquired pathogen that is naturally susceptible to extended-spectrum cephalosporins. However, strains producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) were described in the early 1980s and have now spread worldwide. 1 Poirel L. Le Thomas I. Naas T. Karim A. Nordmann P. Biochemical sequence analyses of GES-1, a novel class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, and the class 1 integron In52 from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000; 44: 622-632 Crossref PubMed Scopus (365) Google Scholar Most of these ESBLs are derivatives of restricted-spectrum TEM- and SHV-type β-lactamases, with one or more amino acid substitutions surrounding their active site, thus explaining the extension of their hydrolysis profile. 1 Poirel L. Le Thomas I. Naas T. Karim A. Nordmann P. Biochemical sequence analyses of GES-1, a novel class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, and the class 1 integron In52 from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000; 44: 622-632 Crossref PubMed Scopus (365) Google Scholar Moreover, various non-TEM-, non-SHV-type β-lactamases exhibiting extended-spectrum activities, including CTX-M-, CARB-, SFO-, PER-, TLA-, VEB-, GES-, BEL-, BES-, KPC-, IMI- and SME-type β-lactamases, have also been reported in various Gram-negative bacilli. 2 Paterson D.L. Bonomo R.A. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases: a clinical update. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2005; 18: 657-686 Crossref PubMed Scopus (2504) Google Scholar , 3 Jacoby G.A. Munoz-Price L.S. The new β-lactamases. N Engl J Med. 2005; 352: 380-391 Crossref PubMed Scopus (660) Google Scholar
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