Abstract
A kinetics-based mathematical model of the Peirce-Smith converter has been developed. The model considers mass transfer, heat transfer, and reactions between each of the phases present in the converter. Model validation is carried out using industrial data obtained from both copper and nickel converters. The model is generally able to predict the temperature and compositional variations of the converters to within the errors of the industrial data. However, the interactions between the white metal and slag during the copper blow are not understood sufficiently to model well.
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