A Journey to the Conformational Analysis of T-Cell Epitope Peptides Involved in Multiple Sclerosis.

Catherine Koukoulitsa,Sofia Kiriakidi,Thomas Mavromoustakos,Eleni Chontzopoulou,Andreas G Tzakos

doi:10.3390/brainsci10060356

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a serious central nervous system (CNS) disease responsible for disability problems and deterioration of the quality of life. Several approaches have been applied to medications entering the market to treat this disease. However, no effective therapy currently exists, and the available drugs simply ameliorate the destructive disability effects of the disease. In this review article, we report on the efforts that have been conducted towards establishing the conformational properties of wild-type myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin proteolipid protein (PLP), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) epitopes or altered peptide ligands (ALPs). These efforts have led to the aim of discovering some non-peptide mimetics possessing considerable activity against the disease. These efforts have contributed also to unveiling the molecular basis of the molecular interactions implicated in the trimolecular complex, T-cell receptor (TCR)–peptide–major histocompatibility complex (MHC) or human leucocyte antigen (HLA).

Highlights

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a serious disease of the central nervous system (CNS)
In the discussed studies peptides are used that either map to wild-type myelin basic protein (MBP), proteolipid protein (PLP) [38] or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)
altered peptide ligands (APLs) differ from their parent encephalitogenic encephalitogenic peptides by single amino acid substitutions and can inhibit autoimmune mediated peptides by single amino acid substitutions and can inhibit autoimmune mediated disease through disease through several mechanisms

Summary

Introduction

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a serious disease of the central nervous system (CNS). MS affects almost. 3.3 million people worldwide [1] It affects more females than males between the ages of 20 and 40 [2]. As the number of patients continuously increases, negative effects on social and economic aspects have been observed [4,5]. Factors such as genetic, environment, metabolism and viral infections considerably progress the disease [6,7]. MS (PRMS): This is the least often occurring class,occurring affecting less than

Progressive-relapsing

Results and Discussion

The replacement of Arg

The relationship was observed with the linear

Sequences

Conclusions