Abstract
Osteoporosis is a major health problem in terms of fracture probability and disability. The aim of this ecological study is to identify the temporal trends in osteoporosis mortality in Spain from 1999 to 2015. Data on the Spanish population and number of deaths due to osteoporosis were obtained from the Spanish National Institute for Statistics. Age-adjusted mortality rates were estimated. Join point regression was used to identify the years when changes in mortality s and annual percentage change in mortality rates took place. Women presented a greater mortality rate decrease (p < 0.001), though this mortality difference by sex was reduced by half at the end of the period. The higher the age, the faster the mortality rate declined in women, while no clear pattern could be identified in men. In women, significant changes in trends were identified in three age groups (50–54, 60–64 and 80–84 years old). A sustained decrease in osteoporosis-associated mortality was found in women aged 75–79 and ≥85 years and men aged 60–64. In conclusion, mortality caused by osteoporosis in Spain is decreasing faster in the older age ranges especially in women.
Highlights
Osteoporosis is defined as a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to osteoporotic fractures which are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide[1,2]
As osteoporosis is a disease influenced by age, in our analysis a specific analysis was made in age groups
Columns headed with annual percentage change (AAPC) indicate the trend in the whole period 1999–2015: mortality due to osteoporosis decreased in most age groups in both women and men, such a trend was more pronounced in women over 70
Summary
Osteoporosis is defined as a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to osteoporotic fractures which are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide[1,2]. It is estimated that over 200 million people suffer from this disease worldwide[3] It affects about 27.6 million people in the European Union, the prevalence being 22.1% in women and 6.6% in men aged 50 years o over[4]. In Spain, the prevalence of osteoporosis is higher in women -reaching 26%- and lower in men -being 4.15%- and it is expected to increase with an aging population[5]. Osteoporotic fractures are widely considered to be the most serious outcome of osteoporosis and an increased risk of death is noticeably existent in both women and men, especially after hip fracture[7]. The main objective of this study was to evaluate trends in the mortality rate of osteoporosis in Spain from 1999 until 2015 and their relationship to changes in diagnosis and treatment in recent decades
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