Abstract

하남 이성산성과 음성 망이산성은 삼국시대에 초축되어 통일신라 시대에 대대적인 공사가 진행되고 나말여초기까지 점유되었다는 공통점이 있다. 그러나 두 산성에서 출토되는 7-8세기 토기의 축적량은 동일하지 않았다는 점이 주목된다. 특정 시기에 일어나는 토기 축적의 변화는 점유집단의 전이, 점유시간의 공백, 건축 계획 등의 외부적 요인에 의해 산성에 가하는 행동력이 변화된 것이다. 따라서 이 글에서는 이성산성과 망이산성을 대상으로 토기유물 축적량이역사적 상황에 따라 변화하는 양상을 추적하여 고대 산성의 점유양상과 그 운용방식에 대해서 고찰하였다. 이에 성곽개축양상과 토기 출토양상 그리고 시대적 상황을 고려하여 “형식적 점유”와 “실질적 점유”라는 개념을 제시하였다. 삼국시대에는 전략적인 요충지마다 산성이 한시적으로 축조되어 운용되었다면 통일신라 이후부터는 시대의 요구에 따라기능적으로 특화된 산성이 운용되었다고 볼 수 있다. 7-8세기에는 정국이 안정화되고 지역간 교류가 활발히 일어나면서 경제적·교통적 기능이 강화된 산성이 실질적으로 운용되었고, 군사적·방어적 기능이 강화된 산성들은 최소한의 관리만 이루어지게 된다. 그러나 9세기 이후 사회 혼란이 야기되어 군사적 요충지가 요구됨에 따라 형식적 점유가 이루어졌던 후자의 산성들이 본래의 기능을 되찾아 재운용되었다고 볼 수 있다.Hanam Iseongsanseong and Umseong Mangisanseong were built during the Three Kingdoms Period, and extensive construction was carried out during the Unified Silla period, and they have in common that they were occupied until the Namalyeocho period. However, it was noted that the amount of earthenware from the 7-8th centuries excavated from the both fortresses was not the same. Changes in the accumulation of earthenware at certain times are due to external factors. In this article, we tracked the changes in the accumulation of earthenware artifacts according to historical situations in Hanam Iseongsanseong and Eumseong Mangisanseong, and discussed the occupation patterns and operation methods of ancient fortress. Accordingly, new concepts of “formal occupation” and “substantial occupation” were proposed in consideration of the changes that occurred inside the fortress and the historical circumstances. During the Three Kingdoms Period, fortresses were temporarily built and operated at every strategic point, but after Unified Silla, functionally specialized fortresses were operated according to the needs of the times. In the 7-8th centuries, as the political situation stabilized and exchanges between regions took place actively, the fortresses with enhanced economic and transportation functions were substantially operated, and the fortresses with enhanced military and defense functions were managed at least. However, fortresses, which had been occupied formally after the 9th century due to the social turmoil and the need for a military hub, can be said to have been reoperated.

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