A influência da Sarcopenia na densidade mineral óssea de homens idosos

Abstract

Introduction: Osteoporosis is considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) a public health problem in elderly men. The greatest impact of osteoporosis on public health due to the occurrence of osteoporosis fractures. The Brazilian Public Health System (SUS) in 2008–2010, conducted 3.252.756 procedures were related to the osteoporosis treatment, which totalized R$ 288.986.335,15. Twenty four percent of all procedures were performed in men. Sarcopenia, characterized by loss of muscle mass and strength, has been identified with a possible risk factor for osteoporosis in elderly men, however, the available data on this association are inconsistent, mainly due to the lack of definition in the diagnosis of sarcopenia. Objective: Analyze the influence of sarcopenia in bone mineral density of elderly men. Methods: This crosssectional study evaluated 198 men aged over 60 years. Body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) at the femoral neck, total hip, lumbar spine and 33% radius were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The diagnosis of abnormal BMD was defined for men who presented unified densitometric diagnosis of osteopenia or osteoporosis defined by T-score of femoral neck, total hip and lumbar spine. The sarcopenia were defined according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP). Results: The group diagnosed with normal BMD, compared to the group of abnormal BMD, have significantly higher body weight, body mass index, grip strength, lean mass, fat mass, and relative appendicular skeletal muscle mass (RASM). However, after multiple linear regression analysis, we found that only the RASM, lean mass, and handgrip strength in the dominant hand influenced the variability of the BMD after adjustment for age and weight. Regression analyzes showed a positive association between greater appendicular lean mass and a smaller number of elderly patients with abnormal BMD diagnostic. The regression analyzes showed that elderly men diagnosed with presarcopenia and sarcopenia had more abnormal BMD than non-sarcopenic elderly men. Conclusion: We concluded that pre-sarcopenia and sarcopenia were associated with abnormal BMD. The lean mass, compared to fat mass, has a greater positive influence on the BMD of elderly men.