A Ilha de calor: Relação entre o uso e cobertura do solo e a Temperatura de Superfície com base em geoprocessamento em Arapiraca-Alagoas, Brasil

Abstract

This work aimed to analyze the formation of islands of heat and coolness in the center of the city ​​of Arapiraca - Alagoas, through data from Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS images, scene 215/067, associated with the dynamics of land use and land cover with a time frame in the years 2013, 2017 and 2018. A methodology consisted of literature review, survey of pre-existing data, processing of images and analysis of land use and cover and surface temperature data - TS. In the step of processing, for the delimitation of land use and land cover classes, the classifier was used Supervised Support Vector Machine Classification - SVM, while in the TS analysis the band 10, consisting of thermal data from Landsat 8. The main areas of discomfort were identified inter and intra-urban thermal linked to the classes of exposed soils and built-up areas, as well as the areas of freshness associated with the presence of water bodies and streams, especially Piauí and Jurubeba, generating the letters thermal spas in 2013, 2017 and 2018. Signs of high TS are due to the removal of vegetation for expansion of agricultural and urban activities, with emphasis on building and the absence or rarefaction of areas greens for thermal comfort generation. Despite the rapid urban growth seen in Arapiraca, the heat island phenomenon is not established. Around the city the amount of exposed soil intensify TS in energy dynamics similar to built-up areas.