Abstract
In this study, a new solar photovoltaic (PV) panel output power model is proposed. The model is constructed as a function of ambient temperature and solar radiations for two types (fixed panel and sun tracking panel) of PV systems. The proposed models are tested and verified on the Renewable Energy Research Home (RERH) system that was installed at the Anadolu University campus in Eskişehir, Turkey. The model is deliberately constructed for the winter season, where cloudliness, rain and snow constitute more challenging conditions for modeling. The developed model outcomes are compared to the outputs of state of the art methods that use global solar radiation and temperature data. A total of eight algebraic models are constructed for the purpose of depicting the solar radiation-to-electric power behavior. It is observed that even the least successful one of these eight variants are performing better than the most accurate method in the literature. It is argued that mathematical incorporation of the proposed novel hysteresis functions to the solar radiation-to-power conversion curves results in a richer class of functions and causes a significant accuracy improvement on the mathematical power generation model, even for the most challenging season of winter.
Highlights
Alternative energy sources are of great importance in the world in order to reduce hydrocarbon dependency in electricity generation
Classical models already incorporate temperature together with solar radiation values, those models are unable to exhibit the lag shape in the solar radiation to electricity curves, as will be presented in Extending the idea in [34], this study proposes a new PV panel output power modeling strategy, which is based on real measurements
This study presents a novel approach for solar radiation-to-power output conversion by observing a time-varying behavior of real life conversion data from the Research Home (RERH) system on our campus
Summary
Alternative energy sources are of great importance in the world in order to reduce hydrocarbon dependency in electricity generation. Even if global solar radiation and temperature values are known, the used output power model in [3] for PV panels is insufficient when compared with real measurements. In [34] we propose that this difference in the morning and afternoon radiation-to-power generation efficiencies can be modeled as a piece-wise time-dependent function with three parts (corresponding to morning, noon and afternoon times). The term hysteresis is used for describing systems that exhibit a history-dependent behavior causing a change (usually a lag) in the output of a function to input values. In order to construct an accurate model, pyranometer and temperature measurements are recorded (in one-second intervals) with the corresponding inverter power outputs of both the fixed and sun tracking PV panels throughout the whole winter season from our Renewable Energy Research. The paper ends by concluding that the mean absolute error (MAE) of our models (in conversion value) goes down to 1.28 as opposed to the minimum value of 4.87 that can be achieved by the current state-of-the-art model in the literature
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