Abstract
BackgroundAs individuals live longer, elderly populations can be expected to face issues. This pattern urges researchers to investigate the aging concept further to produce successful anti-aging agents. In the current study, the effects of Zingerone (a natural compound) on epidermal tissues were analyzed using a bioinformatics approach.MethodsFor this purpose, we chose the GEO dataset GSE133338 to carry out the systems biology and systems pharmacology approaches, ranging from identifying the differentially expressed genes to analyzing the gene ontology, determining similar structures of Zingerone and their features (i.e., anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and skin disorders), constructing the gene–chemicals network, analyzing gene–disease relationships, and validating significant genes through the evidence presented in the literature.ResultsThe post-processing of the microarray dataset identified thirteen essential genes among control and Zingerone-treated samples. The procedure revealed various structurally similar chemical and herbal compounds with possible skin-related effects. Additionally, we studied the relationships of differentially expressed genes with skin-related diseases and validated their direct connections with skin disorders the evidence available in the literature. Also, the analysis of the microarray profiling dataset revealed the critical role of interleukins as a part of the cytokines family on skin aging progress.ConclusionsZingerone, and potentially any constituents of Zingerone (e.g., their similar compound scan functionality), can be used as therapeutic agents in managing skin disorders such as skin aging. However, the beneficial effects of Zingerone should be assessed in other models (i.e., human or animal) in future studies.
Highlights
As individuals live longer, elderly populations can be expected to face issues
The data preprocessing and class comparison approach using a two-sample t test revealed a total of sixty probe IDs, from which only thirteen Differentially expressed genes (DEG) were available as annotated genes
The DAVID functional annotation tool revealed that two cellular components (i.e., (i) gene ontology (GO):0005615, and extracellular space with four involved genes TNFRSF11B, Cathepsin L (CTSL), ENDOU, and Sperm Acrosome Associated 5 (SPACA5) and (ii) GO:0005576, an extracellular region with three involved genes TNFRSF11B, CTSL, and ENDOU) were found significant
Summary
Elderly populations can be expected to face issues. This pattern urges researchers to investigate the aging concept further to produce successful anti-aging agents. The effects of Zingerone (a natural compound) on epidermal tissues were analyzed using a bioinformatics approach. The reports showed that the use of natural compounds has promising results in reducing UV-induced effects of skin aging, which have made them play the primary role in cosmetic-related sciences [4]. Previous studies reported the anti-ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation activity of Zingerone in protecting the epidermis [9]
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