A hybrid subnano cluster electrocatalysis process for recalcitrant wastewater treatment

Abstract

Metal clusters are emerging as efficient H2O2 activators to remove organic pollutants in advanced oxidation processes. However, these processes are still dependent on particle size and large doses of H2O2. To solve these issues, more uniform small-size catalysts that require less H2O2 and in-situ H2O2 synthesis should be pursued. Here we employed a simple way to synthesize subnano FeNx clusters and demonstrated its high activity for multiple pollutant removal even at low H2O2 concentrations and a wide pH range. These excellent properties motivated us to further immobilize it in a filter, achieving nearly 100% pollutant degradation and H2O2 utilization. Moreover, a full-body hydrophobic engineered cathode was developed for stable in-situ H2O2 electrosynthesis over 320 h. The H2O2 generation cell can be integrated with the Fenton filter to realize comprehensive improvements in efficacy, sustainability, application potential, and reduction of operating costs. This study offers insight into integrating metal clusters with electrochemical systems for high efficiency and low-cost treatment of recalcitrant wastewater.