A hybrid optical strategy based on graphene quantum dots and gold nanoparticles for selective determination of gentamicin in the milk and egg samples

Abstract

A rapid and sensitive hybrid nanosensor was reported with a colorimetric and fluorometric readout system using graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for the detection of gentamicin (GENTA) in milk and egg samples. In the presence of AuNPs, the fluorescence (FL) intensity of GQDs gradually decreased due to the inner filter effect (IFE) of AuNPs on the FL intensity of GQDs. In addition of GENTA into AuNPs, AuNPs get aggregated and changed their color from red to blue, due to which the IFE of AuNPs reduced and hence, enhanced FL intensity of GQDs with varying concentration of GENTA from 1.03 to 16.55 μM with a lower detection limit of 0.422 μM and 0.493 μM in colorimetric and fluorimetric systems, respectively. The practical application of the developed nanosensor is tested against the real spiked sample. The excellent and straightforward recovery efficiency of the developed nanosensor for the determination of GENTA and can be used as a promising and adaptable tool for speedy monitoring of food quantity.