A Hybrid Modified Sine Cosine Algorithm Using Inverse Filtering and Clipping Methods for Low Autocorrelation Binary Sequences

Siti Julia Rosli

doi:10.32604/cmc.2022.021719

Abstract

The essential purpose of radar is to detect a target of interest and provide information concerning the target's location, motion, size, and other parameters. The knowledge about the pulse trains’ properties shows that a class of signals is mainly well suited to digital processing of increasing practical importance. A low autocorrelation binary sequence (LABS) is a complex combinatorial problem. The main problems of LABS are low Merit Factor (MF) and shorter length sequences. Besides, the maximum possible MF equals 12.3248 as infinity length is unable to be achieved. Therefore, this study implemented two techniques to propose a new metaheuristic algorithm based on Hybrid Modified Sine Cosine Algorithm with Cuckoo Search Algorithm (HMSCACSA) using Inverse Filtering (IF) and clipping method to achieve better results. The proposed algorithms, LABS-IF and HMSCACSA-IF, achieved better results with two large MFs equal to 12.12 and 12.6678 for lengths 231 and 237, respectively, where the optimal solutions belong to the skew-symmetric sequences. The MF outperformed up to 24.335% and 2.708% against the state-of-the-art LABS heuristic algorithm, xLastovka, and Golay, respectively. These results indicated that the proposed algorithm's simulation had quality solutions in terms of fast convergence curve with better optimal means, and standard deviation.

Highlights

Radar is a remote sensing tool that uses radio waves
It can be seen that the F commensurate with the E where it enlarged as the length increased
The study was extended further to focus on designing a newly modified HMSCACSA featuring Inverse Filtering (IF) to optimize the Merit Factor (MF) with low Energy Level (EL) of low autocorrelation binary sequence (LABS) and odd sequences length for skew-symmetric binary sequences

Summary

Introduction

Radar is a remote sensing tool that uses radio waves. Its main objective is to detect a target of interest and provide information about the position, movement, size, and other parameters related to the target. Any inquiry related to target detection is resolved using a standard radar system through a transmitted radio signal and the waveform of the target detected along with the presence of inevitable system noise and unwanted scatter reflections (clutter). If an adequate return signal strength is received, it is further analyzed to determine the target’s length, speed shape, size, and trajectory. This method is known as an estimation of parameters. The distance of the target is determined by calculating the retardation signal It can be calculated by analyzing the change in carrier frequency (Doppler change) and neglecting the obtained waveform’s higher-order effects. The sound is not used as a warning by radars Instead, it uses electromagnetic waves known as radio waves and microwaves. Radar measurement on range or distance is made possible by radiated electromagnetic energy properties [1]

Methods

Results

Conclusion