Abstract
The process of operating an air conditioning system by hybrid energy that uses solar energy for purpose of saving electrical energy with improving the performance from modern and environmentally friendly systems. With high demand for air-conditioning systems in summer in hot regions, especially in Iraq due to high temperatures, the issue of using renewable energies becomes more attractive due to the continuous interruption of electrical energy. Air conditioners in Iraq consume more than half of the average electricity production. Therefore, saving energy leads to ensuring the reliability of electricity and reduces the consumption of fuel and gases that pollute the environment and negatively affect on the ozone layer. In the current research, the atmosphere of the city Baghdad was used to collect the solar thermal energy through a vacuum solar collector and combine it with a conventional air conditioner in order to reduce the electrical energy consumption on the compressor and increase the coefficient of performance. Several tests were conducted on the experimental device for comparing results with the conventional device and evaluating performance. The results showed that the performance with the vacuum solar collector became more efficient 8.97 instead of 4.27 than with the conventional system, and the energy consumption decreased by 52%.
Highlights
The huge demand on air-conditioning systems in summer in hot regions, especially in Iraq, leads to consumption high electrical energy, which effect on its reliability and consumes a large quantity of fuel, which negatively effects on environment, ozone layer, and depletion of fossil fuels and others, which represents a real difficult problem and this calls to development environmentally friendly and energy-saving technologies [1,2,3,4]
The performance evaluation results showed that the solar electric vapor compression cooling and solar absorption cooling systems represent the highest performance and energy saving over other systems after the performance criteria were; Performance coefficient (COP), solar thermal gain, power consumption, and solar fraction
Data were recorded and analyzed for comparison between three cases, the first case for a conventional air conditioner works with a 2-ton compressor, the second case for an air conditioner works with a 2-ton compressor and combined with a solar thermal collector, and the third case same as second case but were replaced the compressor with a capacity 1.5 ton
Summary
The huge demand on air-conditioning systems in summer in hot regions, especially in Iraq, leads to consumption high electrical energy, which effect on its reliability and consumes a large quantity of fuel, which negatively effects on environment, ozone layer, and depletion of fossil fuels and others, which represents a real difficult problem and this calls to development environmentally friendly and energy-saving technologies [1,2,3,4]. It was carried out on the following solar energy cooling systems: a solar electric vapor pressure cooling system, a solar mechanical vapor compression cooling system, a solar absorption cooling system, a solar adsorption cooling system, and a solid solar dryer cooling system. The performance evaluation results showed that the solar electric vapor compression cooling and solar absorption cooling systems represent the highest performance and energy saving over other systems after the performance criteria were; Performance coefficient (COP), solar thermal gain, power consumption, and solar fraction. The expansion device it is a capillary tube reduces the refrigerant pressure from condenser pressure to evaporator pressure to return it to the evaporator in a liquid state at low pressure and low temperature
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