Abstract
CLIMATE SCIENCE One problem in assessing whether recent climate change has significantly influenced either the strength or frequency of hurricanes and tropical storms is that in general, these factors have been measured systematically only recently. Thus, establishing a reliable baseline to compare with present trends has been difficult. In the Lesser Antilles—one of the first areas settled heavily in the New World, and a focus of early trade—British ships' logs, newspaper accounts, official colonial correspondence, and other sources provide a variety of data over the past 300 years or so. Chenoweth and Divine used these sources to derive a historical record of hurricanes, tropical storms, and tropical depressions in this region, which is along the main track of storms that eventually develop and hit the United States and Mexico. The authors identified 550 tropical storms and hurricanes passing through these islands, about half of which were not previously detected, including in more recent records. Overall, there seems to be no discernable trend in activity since 1690, though the period from 1968 to 1977 had notably few storms.— BH Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 9 , 10.1029/2008GC002066 (2008).
Highlights
To gain a better understanding of palladium’s reactivity as a hydrogenation catalyst, many model studies that use well-defined singlecrystal surfaces have focused on what should be the simplest substrate, ethylene
The main structural component of the cell wall is peptidoglycan, comprising glycan strands cross-linked by peptides
Fluorescence microscopy in whole cells showed that B. subtilis displays very few terminal N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) residues and that internal peptidoglycan-associated GlcNAc residues exhibit a pattern suggestive of a helical structure
Summary
Many cellular stimuli induce signaling cascades that terminate with a protein entering the nucleus to activate transcription of target genes. A similar domain was found in other cytonuclear shuttling proteins, and the same phosphorylation-dependent mechanism was shown to occur for nuclear accumulation of SMAD3 and MEK1 This domain acts as a general nuclear translocation signal and represents a new mechanism whereby proteins can enter the nucleus. To gain a better understanding of palladium’s reactivity as a hydrogenation catalyst, many model studies that use well-defined singlecrystal surfaces have focused on what should be the simplest substrate, ethylene This reaction is facile for reactant pressures near ambient, at very low pressures (ultrahigh-vacuum conditions), the reactivity on closepacked surfaces is low (yields of ethane
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