A Humoral Recognition-Behavioral Stress-Coping Glycolipid Considered As another Biomarker of Psychotic Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Abstract

Background: Mammalians have the recognition-behavioral stress-coping system regulated via the neuronal modules followed by some humoral glycolipids. A sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid which promotes the serotonergic module, keeps physical strength by regulating emotional behaviors. GalNAcalpha1-3GalNAc-lipid which promotes the adrenergic module, induces stress-coping behaviors. A sulfated Fucalpha1-2Gal-lipid protects the cholinergic module maintaining stress-coping memories from the ischemic stress. Sialalpha2-3Gal-lipid which promotes the dopaminergic module, integrates these recognition-behaviors. It is considered stresses are closely related to onset of schizophrenia, and the psychotic symptoms are not necessarily deleted after long-time medication. Schizophrenic patients might abnormally produce the humoral recognition-behavioral stress-coping glycolipids even under medication. Materials and Methods: I examined the humoral stress-coping glycolipids of medicated schizophrenic patients and those of medicated manic patients without psychotic symptoms for comparison. Results: The medicated manic patients increased sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid production. The medicated schizophrenic patients increased sulfated Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-lipid production, and remarkably produced Sialalpha2- 3Gal-lipid. These indicate the manic patients and the schizophrenic patients had a stress to be coped with the serotonergic module activity, and psychotic symptoms of the schizophrenic patients would be induced via stress-coping Sialalpha2-3Gal-lipid production. Conclusion: The stressors are not clear, however, I understood humoral Sialalpha2-3Gal-lipid would be considered as another biomarker of psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia.