Abstract
Humans can categorize an object in three ways. For example, a car can be categorized as vehicles (superordinate), ground vehicles (basic) or car (subordinate). Different semantic levels of categorization is referred to these three categorization modes. There are different speed and accuracy for a similar object in the classification of these levels. However, much research has been done in this context, the trend of these levels is still questionable as to the accuracy and reaction time and the reason for this difference. In this paper, we examine the order of these levels and the reason for their differences. Here we show the superordinate advantage is declared and after this level the base level and the subordinate level are expressed respectively. To this end, first, we design an experiment to examine the semantic levels in the human eye system. The result of this experiment is the superordinate advantage. Actually, at the superordinate level at the same time, the reaction time was lower than other levels, and the efficiency was higher than other levels. In addition, a computational model is introduced that has time and can classify semantic levels. The model is trained for ten categories in this study. These ten categories are considered as subordinate level and five levels of basic and two levels of superordinate are expressed. We found that, at higher levels, such as superordinate, more neurons participate in the clustering task, so outcome is faster and more accurate results. Moreover, the proposed model has been tested for inverted input images to verify the model.
Highlights
The processing time of visual cortex is a useful tool to study the different layers of visual cortex and to understand the hierarchy of the visual cortex [1]
It is shown that the human visual system can immediately react with an average reaction time from approximately 250ms to 400ms [6], while the processing in the visual cortex occurs in a bottom-to-top procedure [7]
They separated some images into three filters of low spatial frequency (LSF), intermediate spatial frequency (ISF), and high spatial frequencies (HSF) bands and examined three levels of categorization with an HMAX model
Summary
The processing time of visual cortex is a useful tool to study the different layers of visual cortex and to understand the hierarchy of the visual cortex [1]. Some other psychophysical research results are challenging basic-level advantage by indicating faster access to superordinate level category information [14], [15]. The results in this study were time-consuming for classifying distractors and atypical objects, and most importantly, they have specified the trend of superordinate, basic, and subordinate due to speed and accuracy They explained that the reason for this trend was the different speed and fine information. A recent study [22] investigates the role of spatial frequency in object categorization at different levels They separated some images into three filters of low spatial frequency (LSF), intermediate spatial frequency (ISF), and high spatial frequencies (HSF) bands and examined three levels of categorization with an HMAX model. A possible reason for obtaining these results in the model can be that more neurons are activated in the category at higher levels
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