Abstract
Vibrio anguillarum is the causative agent of vibriosis in many species important to aquaculture. We generated whole genome sequence (WGS) data on a diverse collection of 64 V. anguillarum strains, which we supplemented with 41 publicly available genomes to produce a combined dataset of 105 strains. These WGS data resolved six major lineages (L1-L6), and the additional use of multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) clarified the association of L1 with serotype O1 and Salmonidae hosts (salmon/trout), and L2 with serotypes O2a/O2b/O2c and Gadidae hosts (cod). Our analysis also revealed a large-scale homologous replacement of 526-kb of core genome in an L2 strain from a con-specific donor. Although the strains affected by this recombination event are exclusively associated with Gadidae, we find no clear genetic evidence that it has played a causal role in host specialism. Whilst it is established that Vibrio species freely recombine, to our knowledge this is the first report of a contiguous recombinational replacement of this magnitude in any Vibrio genome. We also note a smaller accessory region of high single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) density and gene content variation that contains lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis genes which may play a role in determining serotype.
Highlights
In common with many marine Vibrio species, Vibrio anguillarum is a commercially important pathogen of fish and shellfish, and is the causative agent of vibriosis in over 50 fish species worldwide (Frans et al, 2011)
Steinum et al (2016) developed a Multilocus Sequence Analysis (MLSA) scheme based on eight loci, and validated this on a diverse sample of 116 isolates of V. anguillarum and the closely related species Vibrio ordalii
We describe a smaller region of accessory gene content variation and high single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) density, which shows features consistent with a genomic island and likely to be relevant for defining the serotype of the strains
Summary
In common with many marine Vibrio species, Vibrio anguillarum is a commercially important pathogen of fish and shellfish, and is the causative agent of vibriosis in over 50 fish species worldwide (Frans et al, 2011). Steinum et al (2016) developed a Multilocus Sequence Analysis (MLSA) scheme based on eight loci, and validated this on a diverse sample of 116 isolates of V. anguillarum and the closely related species Vibrio ordalii.
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