A History and Evaluation of Parent Education

Abstract

The present paper traces the history of parent education, which dates almost from the founding of the United States to the present. Parent education is operationally defined as the purposive learning activity of parents who are attempting to change their methods of interaction with their children for the purpose of encouraging positive behavior in their children. As is currently true, historically there have been many individuals, private and governmental organizations involved with educating large numbers of parents. The effectiveness of these efforts is difficult to discern. Research in parent education reflects similar trends in the behavioral sciences and education in general. The studies are becoming increasingly sophisticated and more accurately evaluate the spectrum of parent education. Criticism of past research is offered as are suggestions for improving the efficacy of future assessment attempts. Currently there are two major focal points emerging for parent education models; behavior modification and the use of specific curriculum which advocates democratic methods of child rearing. The definitive content of future programs is less certain than the probability that group discussion will be the dominant format. Parent education is not an independent discipline and is not likely to become one; albeit it will almost certainly receive increasing attention and emphasis within a variety of programs especially in the fields of education and mental health.