Abstract
Interior design entered the human life together with the need for housing, and has been developed in respect to several needs. But after a certain point, the development process has shown an improvement in their separated into different branches. Different lifestyles of different communities living in different geographies, in short, cultural differentiation have caused variation in interior design. Throughout the history, culture, by means of its elements, creates different lifestyles in the same periods of time, and influences the formation of interiors.The aim of this study is to explore cultural values, that play important role in design process of interiors, shape our daily lives and thus, to assess how they influence interior designs. The study mainly focuses on cultural differences in Asian and European societies, where these differences can be clearly observed. Examining Asian and European cultures also gives us an opportunity to understand the similarities and differences of interior design principles. The information obtained by the historical analysis was synthesized, classified and finally interpreted. In conclusion, both in western and far eastern cultures, according to the periods, many elements within the concept of culture as climate, human values, religion, thinking, trade, class distinction, type of management, personal interests, social events, industrial and technological developments were found to have influence on the lifestyles and interior design. Keywords: Culture, European Culture, Asian Culture, Life styles, Volume Design, Dwellings, Architecture-Ä°nterior Architecture-Space  
Highlights
According to the definition by the Turkish Language Association (Turk Dil Kurumu), culture refers to “the entire body of outputs of a people or a society in material and spiritual domains of life; that is, basic needs such as food, clothing, housing and shelter; ideas, skills, beliefs; traditional, religious, social and political systems and institutions; the whole range of opinions, perceptions, attitudes, behaviors and ways of life.” (Ankara Egitim Enstitusu, 1979) Proposed by the science of anthropology in response to the question of why people and societies do resemble or differ from each other, the concept of “culture” has impacted, through its components, the ways and spaces of life in the course of history
The study is inspired by my master thesis titled “An Analysis of Spatial Volume Design in Far-Eastern and Western Cultures in the course of history and according to ways of life” (Uzakdogu ve Batı Kulturlerinde Hacim Tasarımlarının Tarihsel Sureçte ve Yaşam Biçimleri Dogrultusunda İrdelenmesi)
With their strict adherence in traditions deeply rooted in Buddhist-Shinto religious beliefs, Asian cultures always managed to preserve their traditional lifestyles and space designs in coexistence with their European and American counterparts. Both lifestyles do exist side by side today (Rızaoglu, 2012). Both in European and Asian cultures lifestyles as well as architectural and spatial design was influenced by various factors such as climate, human values, religious beliefs, systems of thought, commercial activities, class distinctions, forms of government, and personal tastes and certain social developments throughout history, and by industrialtechnological advances as far as the modern era is concerned
Summary
According to the definition by the Turkish Language Association (Turk Dil Kurumu), culture refers to “the entire body of outputs of a people or a society in material and spiritual domains of life; that is, basic needs such as food, clothing, housing and shelter; ideas, skills, beliefs; traditional, religious, social and political systems and institutions; the whole range of opinions, perceptions, attitudes, behaviors and ways of life.” (Ankara Egitim Enstitusu, 1979) Proposed by the science of anthropology in response to the question of why people and societies do resemble or differ from each other, the concept of “culture” has impacted, through its components, the ways and spaces of life in the course of history. In order to demonstrate the role of culture in spatial design, the present study handles the European (Western) and Asian (Far-Eastern) cultures and by way of document analysis, it examines the lifestyles and spatial designs of both societies in the course of history It reveals discrepancies between societies, lives and spaces; the underlying reasons of such discrepancies, the impact of each cultural element and the difference it generates. It tried to analyze the Asian culture drawing upon the Chinese, Korean and Japanese cultures, i.e. the oldest and most sophisticated cultures with considerable interaction among each other
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