A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF BLADDER TUMORS

Abstract

Background: The bladder is a common site for urinary tract malignancy. Urinary bladder carcinoma is of global concern and the histopathological types and variants are of relevance for their management. This study was carried out to assess the histopathological characteristics of bladder tumors. Materials and methods: The data was collected retrospectively and prospectively to include a total of 140 urinary bladder tumor specimens. Detailed medical records of these subjects were collected, and histopathological examination was performed on the prospective samples. Results: The most common symptom of bladder tumor was hematuria. Cystoscopy results found grossly visible tumor growths in about 76% subjects. Of the total sample, 84% patients underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) surgery and the rest of them underwent cystectomy. Furthermore, the commonest histopathological type of urinary bladder carcinoma was invasive urothelial carcinoma. About 68.6% patients had high grade tumor. Most tumor growths were present on the lateral side (46.43%). In 52.86% specimens, deep muscles were involved in the tumor. Node involvement was positive in 11 (47.83%) patients. As per TNM classication, majority of the specimens were pT2bN2Mx (26.09%) and pT2bN0Mx (5, 21.74%). Tumors were detected in stage 2 (26.09%), stage 3 (30.43%) and stage 4 (39.13%). Conclusions: The most common symptom observed in patients with urinary bladder carcinoma was hematuria. Cystoscopy results found 75.71% subjects to have grossly visible tumor growths. The major histopathological type of bladder carcinoma was invasive. In 52.86% specimens, deep muscles were involved in the tumor. About 68.6% patients had high grade tumor.