Abstract
The characteristics of mechanical flexibility, low health risk, and simple processing of polymer nanocomposite materials make them potentially applicable as flexible X-ray detectors. In this study, we report on a high sensitivity, environmentally friendly, and flexible direct X-ray detector using polymer nanocomposite material consisting of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nanoparticles and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). This detector was realized by printing patterned Ag electrodes on the polymer nanocomposite material. The response of PDMS to X-rays was verified for the first time, and the effect of doping different contents of Bi2O3 nanoparticles on the performance of the device was tested. The optoelectronic performance of the optimized detector indicated a high sensitivity (203.58 μC Gyair−1 cm−2) to low dose rate (23.90 μGyair s−1) at a 150 V bias voltage and the X-ray current density (JX-ray) was 10,000-fold higher than the dark current density (Jdark). The flexible direct X-ray detector could be curled for 10,000 cycles with slight performance degradation. The device exhibited outstanding stability after storage for over one month in air. Finally, this device provides new guidance for the design of high-performance flexible direct X-ray detectors.
Highlights
IntroductionX-ray detectors have been widely used in the medical, industrial, and scientific research fields over the past few decades [1,2,3,4,5,6]
The linear attenuation coefficients of Bi2 O3 and several typical semiconductors in the energy range of 1−1000 keV were calculated based on the data from the National
A flexible direct X-ray detector based on Bi2 O3 nanoparticles in PDMS
Summary
X-ray detectors have been widely used in the medical, industrial, and scientific research fields over the past few decades [1,2,3,4,5,6]. From the end of the last century, researchers have gradually turned their attention to direct X-ray detectors as a result of their higher intrinsic X-ray absorption coefficient and spatial resolution than indirect X-ray detectors [7]. Amorphous selenium (a-Se) detectors have a relatively wide range of applications in the field of medical imaging [9,10,11]; amorphous selenium X-ray detectors still have several major shortcomings, such as high working voltage and low absorption ability under higher energy X-rays [12,13]. It is necessary to propose a new generation of direct X-ray detector to meet the needs of future development
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