Abstract
In this paper, a high sensitivity, polarization preserving photonic crystal fiber (PCF), based on circular air holes for sensing in the terahertz (THz) band, is presented. The finite element method, a practical and precise computational technique for describing the interactions between light and matter, is used to compute the modal properties of the designed fiber. For the designed PCF, comprising of circular air holes in both the cladding and in the porous core, a relative sensitivity of 73.5% and a high birefringence of 0.013 are achieved at 1.6 THz. The all circular air-hole structure, owing to its simplicity and compatibility with the current fiber draw technique for PCF fabrication, can be realized practically. It is anticipated that the designed fiber can be employed in applications such as detection of biological samples and toxic chemicals, imaging, and spectroscopy.
Highlights
Research in the terahertz (THz) regime, which is the frequency range spanning between0.1–10 THz in the electromagnetic spectrum, is gaining attention due its promising applications in significant fields such as biosensing, security, imaging, and spectroscopy [1,2]
In addition to demonstrating high sensitivity and low absorption loss, maintaining polarization is of great importance in sensing applications to eliminate polarization mode dispersion (PMD), which can change the polarization state during the sensing of analytes, leading to inaccurate sensitivity
With an aim to further improve fabrication feasibility through the incorporation of circular air holes throughout the photonic crystal fiber (PCF), and to achieve high sensitivity and birefringence, in this paper, we propose holes throughout the PCF, and to achieve high sensitivity and birefringence, in this paper, we propose an all circular air hole-based porous core PCF structure
Summary
Research in the terahertz (THz) regime, which is the frequency range spanning between0.1–10 THz in the electromagnetic spectrum, is gaining attention due its promising applications in significant fields such as biosensing, security, imaging, and spectroscopy [1,2]. While the reported works in the literature are based on different technologies [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10], it is only recently that photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are being considered for THz sensing applications [11,12,13]. This is because PCFs offer tremendous design flexibility over the conventional fibers. Porous core based photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensors [11,12,13] have shown high sensitivity and low absorption loss. In addition to demonstrating high sensitivity and low absorption loss, maintaining polarization is of great importance in sensing applications to eliminate polarization mode dispersion (PMD), which can change the polarization state during the sensing of analytes, leading to inaccurate sensitivity
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