Abstract
A highly selective Ru(II) complex-based phosphorescent probe Ru-Cyclen for the sequential sensing Cu2+ and H2S in pure aqueous medium was synthesized and characterized. Probe Ru-Cyclen exhibited a turn-off phosphorescence response toward Cu2+ by using a complex formation with a 1:1 binding mode, and the resulting complex enabled to specifically detect H2S based on the displacement approach with a turn-on phosphorescence response. Also, Ru-Cyclen possessed high selectivity and sensitivity with a low detection limit of 0.045 μM and 0.44 μM for Cu2+ and H2S respectively, and worked best in the range of pH 3–11. The kinetics response toward Cu2+ and H2S were very fast, completing within 4 min and 10 s, respectively. Additionally, the sensing mechanism was confirmed by fluorescence Job’s plot analysis, 1H NMR titration, EPR, TOF-mass spectrometry and phosphorescence lifetime analysis. Moreover, Ru-Cyclen showed low cell toxicity and successfully detected Cu2+ and exogenously or endogenously generated H2S in living zebrafish. Finally, combining the unique merits of the probe, including excellent water-solubility, a long emission wavelength of 600 nm, large Stoke shift of 150 nm and rapid response, probe Ru-Cyclen was applied in real water samples, human serum and test strips successfully.
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