Abstract
Over the past number of years, the power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells has remained at 25.5%, reflecting a respectable result for the general incorporation of organometallic trihalide perovskite solar cells. However, perovskite solar cells still suffer from long-term stability issues. Perovskite decomposes upon exposure to moisture, thermal, and UV-A light. Studies related to this context have remained ongoing. Recently, research was mainly conducted on the stability of perovskite against non-radiative recombination. This study improved a critical instability in perovskite solar cells arising from non-radiative recombination and UV-A light using a passivation layer. The passivation layer comprised a polyaniline (PANI) polymer as an interfacial modifier inserted between the active layer and the electron transport layer. Accordingly, the UV-A light did not reach the active layer and confined the Pb2+ ions at PANI passivation layer. This study optimized the perovskite solar cells by controlling the concentration, thickness and drying conditions of the PANI passivation layer. As a result, the efficiency of the perovskite solar cell was achieved 15.1% and showed over 84% maintain in efficiency in the ambient air for one month using the 65 nm PANI passivation layer.
Highlights
Over the past number of years, the power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells has remained at 25.5%, reflecting a respectable result for the general incorporation of organometallic trihalide perovskite solar cells
The exact cause of these defects must be identified according to research conducted to date; the defect site was shown as having been generated by metal (lead(II), Pb2+) and/or halide (I−) ions remaining at the transport layer/MAPbI3 layer interface[48]
Recent studies have reported that non-radiative recombination in the device using the passivation layer at the interface was able to improve device s tability50. Pb2+, which remains as a junction at the transport layer/MAPbI3 interface, is being studied to reduce defects using electron donor materials or Lewis-base materials
Summary
Over the past number of years, the power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells has remained at 25.5%, reflecting a respectable result for the general incorporation of organometallic trihalide perovskite solar cells. Experiments have most often been conducted in laboratory conditions in the absence of moisture and oxygen such as inert atmosphere These processes and systems are expensive to perform because they relate to commercialization conditions that demand high stability with the additive-free hole transporter m aterials[35,36], durability, and excellent performance, as well as large-scale, low cost, and ambient air manufacturing. Non-radiative recombination through a defect formed at the transport layer/MAPbI3 layer interface can reduce optical properties and cell parameters, and can lead to J–V hysteresis and the long-term stability of J–V c haracteristics[49]. Pb2+, which remains as a junction at the transport layer/MAPbI3 interface, is being studied to reduce defects using electron donor materials or Lewis-base materials Representative materials such as polymers P VP51 and PCDTBT52 polymers, and devices have been found to increase carrier lifetime and voltage when passivated with Lewis basic thiophene and pyridine. A physical passivation can improve the stability of P SCs56,57
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