Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the steady-state and transient behavior of the electrical and thermal parameters of thermoelectric generators (TEGs). The focus is on the required wait-time between measurements in order to reduce measurement errors which may appear until the system reaches steady-state. By knowing this waiting time, the total characterization time can also be reduced. The experimental characterization process is performed on a test rig known as TEGeta, which can be used to assess the output characteristics of TEG modules under different load values and temperature conditions. The setup offers the possibility to control the hot side temperature up to 1000 °C with a load variation range value between 0.22–8.13 Ω. A total of ten thermocouples are placed in the setup with the purpose of measuring the temperature in specific points between the heater and the heat sink. Based on the readings, the temperature on the hot and cold side of the modules can be extrapolated. This study provides quantitative data on the minimum waiting time of the temperatures in the surrounding system to reach equilibrium. Laboratory tests are performed on a calcium-manganese oxide module at temperatures between 400 and 800 °C to explore the high temperatures features of the setup.
Highlights
The increasing interest in thermoelectric (TE) technology is leading to a need to develop a standardized method to characterize the performance of thermoelectric generator (TEG) modules, which is unavailable at the moment
This paper investigates the transient and steady-state behavior of both the electrical and thermal parameters of the CMO-25-42S high temperature module
The results confirm that the higher pressure lead to an increased power output by the TEG
Summary
The increasing interest in thermoelectric (TE) technology is leading to a need to develop a standardized method to characterize the performance of thermoelectric generator (TEG) modules, which is unavailable at the moment. The operating temperature gradient range of the modules increased and the measuring systems were upgraded to meet the new TEG specifications [2,3,4]. Hejtmanek et al [7] constructed a setup that contains a 650 W heater that can reach a 450 ̋C at the hot side of the TEG. They presented the setup capabilities of the test stand by characterizing a HZ-20 commercially TEG at a constant power of 500 W in the heater and variable temperature on the cold side. 1000to°C1.0TT00hoefutCel.sltyTsoetaxfnupdllloydreesxtchprileboheredigtihnettehhmiisgpwheortreakmtuhpraeesraraatnunirgneeter,aganrcagoteem,dam1ckeoWrmcimealleecrccatrilaiccliuhcamelac‐timeurmathn-magtacnagensareneeoascxehidouexpimdteoodule wasm1c0ho0do0su°elCen.wTfoarsfutcelhlsoytsieenxngp.flooTrroetetahsvteionhigidg. hTdoatemamvaopgiederadttoaumrteharegaeTntgEoeG,thaleecoaTmdEsGm, lteehracediatsle,cmtahlpecietuermmat‐pumerreaantigunartenheiensehthoeexaihtdeeeramtweoradwsulalisemited to 8l0wi0masi°tCcehd.otTsoehn8e0f0oprutCrep.stoTinshege.poTufortpahvoiosseidpoadfpathmeirsagipseatpoertshitesuTtdoEyGsttuhledeaydttrsh,aetnhsteriaetnenmstiepbneetrhabateuvhriaeovriinoortfhoetfhhteheaeTtTeErEGwGaeeslleeliccmttrriiitcceaadll and theratmonad8l0tph0ae°rrCma.maTlehpteearrpasu.mTrephtoeesreso.uoTtfchtoehmiosueptcoaofpmtehreiisosfrtetohsiessaturredcshyeaitrshcethotisrsahtnooswsiehnotthwebtethheeamvtepiomerrpaoetfruatrthueerbeTebEheGahvaeivloeiorctrtrhtihcrarolouuaggnhhdplots andpthploertrosmvaiandldeppadrraoamvtaiedtoeenrdsa.tthTaehoendoutuhrteacotdimuorneatooifoftnhtohisferthetseeemtaerpmcehprieasrtatuotruserhetotrwraannthssieieetnnettmffoporertrhatehtueorxeoidbxeeidhmaeovmdiouroledth.urAoleus.tgaAhnpdslatoratdns dard systseaymnsdtetpmoroctvhoiadcrheaacdrtaaectratiezoreinzTethETeGEdGsusirsiastninooonttaoavfvatahiilleaabbtelleemyypeeetrt,,attthuherereerfetorfaroenrsetihetenhtfeofocfuor sctuhosef otohxfeitdhpeaemppeoradpiuselrlei.misAitleisdmtantiotdeadthrdeto the tchoamtcttscmahhoyoraamsmeetttremmaabcmrriueeeaerriltbcblcotsiiuuaaywicilllslhtstsitayytwewhrssmaitittetsechhmitcmmeassriclicimilmazalealelidilllrleeaTadTdfrrEeETfTfGaeeGEEtaasuGGtetuiurteseerartteseana(s.soP((..PPtAAAaNNvNaCCCilOOaObGGGlemmmybbebHHtH, ,,t,MMhMeuurueeelfelhohlerheeiiemmitmh-‐KKe‐aaKfeeorarclleuiicrcshlhi,o,cGGfhet,ehrGrmemeaparnmnaypya)e)naranynidsd) aloointmthhdieetroredstshyytsesottreetsmmhysesstems
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