Abstract
Mammalian olfactory systems have extraordinary ability to sense and identify various trace odorants. Taking advantages of cell culture and micro-fabrication technologies, olfactory cell- or tissue-based biosensor represent a promising platform for in vitro odorant detection. However, in vitro conditions lead to shortened cell/tissue survivals, and the working life of neuron chips is short. The purpose of this study is to develop an in vivo recording and analyzing method for long-term and repeatable detection of odor stimulation. In this study, we implanted penetrating micro-wire array electrode into the olfactory bulb of conscious rats to obtain odor-evoked electrophysiological activities. Then, we investigated the response of ensembles of mitral/tufted cells to stimulation with carvone at a number of concentrations in time and frequency domains. The stable, repeatable odorant responses from up to 16 neural regions could be obtained for at least 3 weeks. Further, we explored the concentration detection sensitivity limitation of developed method, and found the detection low limit of carvone was below 10−10 mol/L. The result demonstrates that the concentration range of in vivo odorant detection method is much wider than in vitro method.
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