Abstract
Nowadays, heavy metal ion pollution in water is becoming more and more common, especially arsenic, which seriously threatens human health. In this work, we used Fe3O4–rGO nanocomposites to modify a glassy carbon electrode and selected square wave voltametric electrochemical detection methods to detect trace amounts of arsenic in water. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that Fe3O4 nanoparticles were uniformly distributed on the rGO sheet, with a particle size of about 20 nm. Raman spectroscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed that rGO provides higher sensitivity and conductive substrates. Under optimized experimental conditions, Fe3O4–rGO-modified glassy carbon electrodes showed a higher sensitivity (2.15 µA/ppb) and lower limit of detection (1.19 ppb) for arsenic. They also showed good selectivity, stability, and repeatability.
Highlights
With the increasing frequency of human activities and the development of society, heavy metal ion pollution in water has become a thorny issue affecting human health
To prepare the modified electrode, the synthesized Fe3 O4 –rGO nanocomposites were dispersed in a concentration of 1 mg/mL, and 8 μL of Fe3 O4 –rGO nanocomposite solution was dropped onto the surface of the working electrode and dried in a dust-free box
The morphology and structural properties of GO, Fe3 O4, and Fe3 O4 –rGO were tested by SEM, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy
Summary
With the increasing frequency of human activities and the development of society, heavy metal ion pollution in water has become a thorny issue affecting human health. Electronic tongues are being developed for heavy metal detection [1] These detection methods often rely on complex instruments, complex sample preparation processes, expensive maintenance costs, and high-quality operators, and they are not well applicable to daily on-site inspections. Gold can form an As–Au bimetallic alloy with arsenic These noble metals are used to modify the electrodes, there are certain disadvantages that make them unsuitable for a large number of detections, for example, the high price of precious metals and the need to conduct experimental operations under strong acid conditions can generate toxic arsine gas. In consideration of the reliability, repeatability, and low cost of detection, we chose a nanocomposite of ferroferric oxide–rGO to measure the concentration of arsenic in water by modifying the electrode. The sensitivity we obtained is higher than that in other papers, and the detection limit is consistent with the 10 ppb standard stipulated by the WHO
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