Abstract
Cannabis sativa is a well-known plant species that has great economic and ecological significance. An incomplete genome of cloned C. sativa was obtained by using SOAPdenovo software in 2011. To further explore the utilization of this plant resource, we generated an updated draft genome sequence for wild-type varieties of C. sativa in China using PacBio single-molecule sequencing and Hi-C technology. Our assembled genome is approximately 808 Mb, with scaffold and contig N50 sizes of 83.00 Mb and 513.57 kb, respectively. Repetitive elements account for 74.75% of the genome. A total of 38,828 protein-coding genes were annotated, 98.20% of which were functionally annotated. We provide the first comprehensive de novo genome of wild-type varieties of C. sativa distributed in Tibet, China. Due to long-term growth in the wild environment, these varieties exhibit higher heterozygosity and contain more genetic information. This genetic resource is of great value for future investigations of cannabinoid metabolic pathways and will aid in promoting the commercial production of C. sativa and the effective utilization of cannabinoids. The assembled genome is also a valuable resource for intensively and effectively investigating the C. sativa genome further in the future.
Highlights
Introduction Cannabis sativaL., a native plant of Central Asia, is first cultivated in Asia and Europe and is one of the most popularly cultivated plants worldwide[1]
We generated Long terminal repeats (LTRs) annotation regions and sequence information for the three species (Supplementary Information; Tables S11–S13). Through this LTR recognition, we found that the LTR retrotransposon content of 37.1% constituted most of the LTR TEs
Our new genome version is more contiguous than the previously assembled genome according to its a contig N50 of 12 kb
Summary
L., a native plant of Central Asia, is first cultivated in Asia and Europe and is one of the most popularly cultivated plants worldwide[1]. In China, hemp fiber has been used to produce textiles for the past 6000 years[2]. C. sativa is one of the most valuable agriculturally important crops in nature. It is widely used to produce paper, textiles, building materials, food, and medicine, a secondary metabolite, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), is used to produce well-known drugs. Long-term, selective breeding has produced both hemp fiber and medicinal cannabis strains, with medicinal cannabis showing promise in effectively treating various diseases[3] by relieving an array of symptoms, including pain, nausea, anxiety, and inflammation[4,5,6,7].
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