Abstract
An eight-node rectangular membrane element with a central circular hole has been developed using complex potentials to define stress and strain functions. This new element type can be combined with the conventional elements, e.g., isoparametric elements, with no modifications required. Two numerical examples were employed to illustrate the superiority and versatility of the proposed element type. The results obtained using the said element type are closer to the theoretical results as compared with those obtained by similar types of elements.
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