Abstract
The natural Sri Lanka graphite (vein graphite) is widely-used as anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), due to its high crystallinity and low cost. In this work, graphitic porous carbon (GPC) and high-purity vein graphite (PVG) were prepared from Sri Lanka graphite ore by KOH activation, and high temperature purification, respectively. Furthermore, a lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) is fabricated with GPC as cathode, and PVG as anode. The assembled GPC//PVG LIC shows a notable electrochemical performance with a maximum energy density of 86 W·h·kg−1 at 150 W·kg−1, and 48 W·h·kg−1 at a high-power density of 7.4 kW·kg−1. This high-performance LIC based on PVG and GPC is believed to be promising for practical applications, due to its low-cost raw materials and industrially feasible production.
Highlights
With the rapid development of the world’s economy and continuous consumption of fossil energy, electrochemical energy storage devices are in urgent demand for the application of clean energy and electric vehicles [1,2]
We developed a facile two-step route to prepare both electrodes of lithium-ion capacitor (LIC)
graphitic porous carbon (GPC) was prepared by chemical activation of vein graphite (VG)
Summary
With the rapid development of the world’s economy and continuous consumption of fossil energy, electrochemical energy storage devices are in urgent demand for the application of clean energy and electric vehicles [1,2]. Electrochemical capacitors can be classified into three main groups: electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLC); pseudo-capacitors; and hybrid/asymmetric capacitors [3]. During the past few years, considerable attention has been paid to lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) which are hybrid devices composed of LIBs-type anode and supercapacitors (SCs)-type cathode [4,5,6,7,8]. It is well-known that LIBs, compared to SCs, possess a relatively high energy density, but limited power density and poor cycle performance, because of their different energy storage mechanism. LICs are intended to combine the advantages of both LIBs and SCs by the synergetic effect of faradic intercalation/de-intercalation reaction, and non-faradic electrochemical double layer adsorption/desorption behavior
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