Abstract
Using a hybrid renewable energy source with an energy storage system, this paper proposed a novel multi-stage non-isolated three-port converter with a 5H inverter to feed a residential load varying from 50 Watts to 3500 Watts. The proposed three-port converter operates in grid-tied and standalone power modes. A novel demand-side management algorithm, which covers eight operation modes, is described. Additionally, a complete control system is discussed. The proposed control system controls the PV maximum power point and battery charging/discharging, and regulates the 400 V DC bus voltage, the load voltage in standalone mode, and the grid-tied injected current. The proposed converter and the control system are validated through simulation for all power modes. The simulation results reveal that the proposed system is viable for Building-Integrated PV Systems.
Highlights
The load could be fed from the PV or the battery or from both of them in standalone or grid-tied power modes based on the system’s operation time, the battery state of charge, the generated PV power, and the charging current of the battery, which must be under the maximum battery charging current value
The demandside management (DSM) decides that the battery feeds the load demand when the photovoltaicgenerated power is null, the system operates during the time of high-rate electricity tariff, and the battery state of charge is higher than 10%
When the system operates during the time of low-rate electricity tariff, photovoltaic power is lower than the load demand, and the battery state of charge is less than 90%, and the DC sources are isolated
Summary
Non-Isolated Three-Port Converter for Building-Integrated PV Systems. Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Different TPCs have been reported in the literature for building-integrated PV Systems [15,16,17,18,19] and are formed based on the classical boost, buck-boost converters They have a low voltage gain, and the battery charging voltage and current restricts the system design. A bidirectional DC-DC converter with high step-up/down voltage gain is presented in [29] It has a high input current ripple and a low efficiency in battery charging mode. The DC sources of the proposed TPC have a low current ripple, and the main switch has a low voltage stress It has a high degree of flexibility in that more than three ports can be used, and the RES can have different characteristics and different operating voltages at the maximum power point.
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