Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a high dose of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on lactating mice. In one experiment, Kunming mice were separated into four groups (n = 6 per group); the control (CON) group received 3.0% linoleic acid (LA) oil, the L-CLA group received a mixture of 2.0% LA and 1.0% CLA, the M-CLA group received a mixture of 1.0% LA and a 2.0% CLA, and the H-CLA group received 3.0% CLA. Feeding proceeded from day 4 to day 10 of lactation. In a second experiment, a CON group received 3.0% LA, and an H-CLA group received 3.0% CLA. Plasma parameters were analyzed for all groups, and insulin tolerance tests (ITTs) were conducted. CLA treatment did not affect dam weight but significantly decreased the food intake of dams during lactation. Furthermore, CLA decreased the weight of pups on day 10 of lactation; this effect was attributed to lower milk fat of dams in the CLA group than in those of the other groups. Relative to mice in the CON group, the mice in the H-CLA group displayed increased liver weight and liver triglyceride (TG) content as well as higher TG content and γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) activity in the plasma. Moreover, high-dose CLA resulted in insulin resistance, possibly affecting the red blood cell (RBC) and hemoglobin (HCB) levels in the plasma. In conclusion, lactating mice receiving a high dose of CLA exhibited fatty liver, insulin resistance, and impaired lactation performance.
Highlights
Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) are molecules mostly found in meat and dairy products
CLAs have emerged as a possible adjuvant treatment for obesity because some studies show a reduction in body fat and increased lean mass after supplementation of a mixture of two CLA isomers in the diet [1,2]
The food intake of dams in the control group was significantly higher than the food intakes of dams in the CLA groups
Summary
Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) are molecules mostly found in meat and dairy products. CLAs have emerged as a possible adjuvant treatment for obesity because some studies show a reduction in body fat and increased lean mass after supplementation of a mixture of two CLA isomers in the diet [1,2]. The oil of CLAs is reported to affect carcinogenesis, glucose and lipid metabolism, diabetes, body composition, and immune cell functions [3,4,5]. Certain isomers seem to cause fat accumulation in enlarged livers of mice [6] and can induce insulin resistance in mice and humans [7,8].
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