Abstract
HT048 is a combination composed of Crataegus pinnatifida leaf and Citrus unshiu peel extracts. This study aimed to investigate potential anti-obesity effect of the combination. The 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with different doses of HT048 and triglyceride accumulation, glycerol release and adipogenesis-related genes were analyzed. For in vivo study, male Sprague Dawley rats were divided according to experimental diets: the chow diet group, the high-fat diet (HFD) group, the HFD supplemented with orlistat group, the HFD supplemented with HT048 group (0.2% or 0.4%) for 12 weeks. We measured the body weight, serum lipid levels and the expression of genes involved lipid metabolism. HT048 treatment dose-dependently suppressed adipocyte differentiation and stimulated glycerol release. The expressions of PPARγ and C/EBPα mRNA were decreased by HT048 treatment in adipocytes. HT048 supplementation significantly reduced the body and fat weights in vivo. Serum lipid levels were significantly lower in the HT048 supplemented groups than those of the HFD group. Expression of the hepatic lipogenesis-related genes were decreased and expression of the β-oxidation-related genes were increased in rats fed HT048 compared to that of animals fed HFD. These results suggest that HT048 has a potential benefit in preventing obesity through the inhibition of lipogenesis and adipogenesis.
Highlights
In recent years, obesity is the most common metabolic disease emerging as a global problem, in developed countries and in developing countries
We investigate whether HT048 synergistically ameliorates obesity by inhibiting adipogenesis and lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and standard deviation (SD) rat fed high fat diet (HFD), a widely used animal model for obesity [14]
To evaluate the effect of HT048 on adipocyte differentiation in vitro, post-confluent 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were maintained in adipocyte differentiation induction media and exposed to various doses of HT048 (0, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 μg/mL)
Summary
Obesity is the most common metabolic disease emerging as a global problem, in developed countries and in developing countries. Obesity is associated with various health problems, such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and certain forms of cancer [1] It is characterized by an increase in excessive accumulation of fat in a liver and elevated lipid concentrations in a blood, which can result from an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure [2,3]. Expression of a cascade of transcription factors involved in adipocyte differentiation includes peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-alpha (C/EBPα) [6]. This transcription factor regulates the lipid homeostasis by modulating the expression of target genes, including FAS, activating protein 2 (aP2) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL), associated with fat accumulation. Inhibition of adipocyte differentiation is considered to be important anti-obesity mechanism
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