Abstract
The use of a helical-shape baffle in a mineral (Carbosep) membrane provided an increase of more than 50% in permeate flux compared with that obtained without a baffle at the same hydraulic dissipated power. Two types of solutions were used: bakers yeast (5% dry weight) and dodecane- water emulsion (0.1%, w/w). The effect of the number of helices with respect to baffle length shows that the permeate volume increases with increasing number of helices but to a lesser degree when the number of helices is more than 4 per 25-mm baffle length. Also, when the baffle's maximum diameter was reduced by about 40% a small variation in permeate flux values was observed. More interesting results were obtained with experiments at very low transmembrane pressures (0.1–0.2 bar) when the permeate flux remained almost constant even from the begining of the experiment, indicating that progressive fouling was practically absent. Flow visualization was made with a video camera (VHS) and showed that the flow was rotational around the baffle axis and that the rotational velocity increased the mixing and migration of the rejected particles from the membrane surface. The manufacturing and installation of this type of baffle was found to be easy, and the cleaning time required for membrane regeneration was found to be shorter than after unbaffed steady flow experiments; so it was possible to recover the initial membrane permeability.
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