Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are nowadays preferential targets of preventive medicine through a straightforward therapy on lipid profile. However, statins, the first-line lipid-lowering drug therapy, specifically act on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), having a modest effect on plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations. Today, a number of novel HDL-targeted therapies are emerging, along with unexpected side effects. Thus, novel and possibly safe substances, able to correct impaired lipid profile in humans, are still in great demand. Herein, based on encouraging clinical data, we formulated a nutraceutical product (AppleMetS®, AMS), based on a polyphenolic extract from Annurca apple, and demonstrated that two capsules a day of AMS, after one month, have a LDL-C lowering outcome equivalent to 40 mg of simvastatin or 10 mg of atorvastatin. Nevertheless, different from statin-based therapy, AMS exerted a notable effect on HDL (+49.2%). Based on the trial results, we can assert that AMS formulation could effectively integrate the current therapeutic arsenal to correct impaired lipid profile in humans. Specifically, AMS may be considered a complementary and/or alternative safe substance suitable for the treatment of mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects who do not present occurrence of atheromatous plaques yet.
Highlights
A therogenic dyslipidemia, a pathological imbalance of circulating lipoproteins such as low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), very LDLs, or, over others, high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CDs).[1]
We previously demonstrated that different apple species differ in the amount of polyphenolic compounds and Annurca apple, a cultivar native to Southern Italy, was the richest.[10]. These data encouraged us to evaluate the influence of daily consumption of Annurca apples on the cholesterol levels of mildly hypercholesterolemic healthy subjects
The fifth group was asked to consume two Annurca apples/day, since the weight of this cultivar is on average the half of the commercial ones considered in this study
Summary
A therogenic dyslipidemia, a pathological imbalance of circulating lipoproteins such as low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), very LDLs, or, over others, high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CDs).[1]. Endothelial injuries involve massive penetration and intimal retention of LDLs, making these lipoproteins a major substrate for oxidation by arterial wall cells.[2,3] Oxidized LDLs are known to be responsible for the atherogenesis acceleration.. # Gian Carlo Tenore, et al, 2017; Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
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