Abstract
The motivation of our research is to pursue a possibility of utilizing electric vehicles for the future operation of power transmission and distribution grids. In this paper, we report a Power-Hardware-In-the-Loop (Power-HIL) testing on the provision of Ancillary Service (AS) by in-vehicle batteries. The AS of our interest is multi-objective in the sense that it simultaneously provides both primary frequency control reserve for a transmission grid and voltage support for a high-voltage distribution grid. The Power-HIL testing is crucial to validating the Multi-Objective AS because the dynamics of the grids and of power conditioning systems emerge in a common time scale, latter of which involves modeling difficulties and thus needs their inclusion as real physical devices, that is, Power-HIL. We show that the Multi-Objective AS is simulated consistently in a Power-HIL testbed and works effectively in a dynamic situation of transmission and distribution grids.
Highlights
The utilization of Electric Vehicles (EVs) is a promising technology in the future operation of power transmission and distribution grids
In [13], [14], we developed a simple algorithm to synthesize a spatial pattern of charging/discharging operations of in-vehicle batteries for providing the Primary Frequency Control (PFC) reserve as well as mitigating its voltage impact, to which we refer as the Multi-Objective Ancillary Service (AS)
MULTI-OBJECTIVE ANCILLARY SERVICE BY IN-VEHICLE BATTERIES we review the algorithm for provision of the Multi-Objective AS—PFC and distribution voltage support—based on [13], [14]
Summary
The utilization of Electric Vehicles (EVs) is a promising technology in the future operation of power transmission and distribution grids. The so-called Demand Response (DR) in a transmission grid aims to shift the peak load and to provide regulation supports for primary and secondary (load) frequency control, where a large population of in-vehicle batteries are utilized in a coordinated manner: see, e.g., [1], [2]. The so-called Distribution System Operator (DSO) (see, e.g., [3]) is investigated for managing such batteries in order to conduct the DR as a load dispatching center or aggregator. The provision of AS by EVs poses several problems on the distribution grid. One major problem is to manage the impact of charging/discharging of a large population of EVs to the distribution voltage.
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