Abstract
With the development of smart grid technology, there has been an increasingly strong tendency towards the integration between the aspects of power and communication. The traditional power system has gradually transformed into the cyber-physical power system (CPPS), where co-simulation technologies can be utilized as an effective measure to describe the computation, communication, and integration processes of a power grid. In this paper, the construction methods and application scenarios of co-simulation platforms in the current research are first summarized. Then, a scheme of the real-time hardware-in-the-loop co-simulation platform is put forward. On the basis of power grid simulation developed with the Real-Time Laboratory (RT-LAB), and the communication network simulation developed with OPNET, the control center was developed with hardware devices to realize real-world control behavior instead of digital simulations. Therefore, the mixed-signal platform is capable of precisely simulating the dynamic features of CPPS with high speed. The distributed simulation components can be coordinated in a unified environment with high interoperability and reusability. Moreover, through a case study of a wide area load control system, the performance of the proposed platform under various conditions of control strategies, communication environments, and sampling frequencies was revealed and compared. As a result, the platform provided an intuitive and accurate way to reconstruct the CPPS environment where the influence of the information side of the CPPS control effects was verified.
Highlights
With the application of intelligent technology, the demands for low-carbon living, and the driving forces of market regulation and government policy, the traditional power system is currently facing a significant transformation towards the smart grid system, for which the main features include self-healing and being of high quality, allowing various forms of power generation, and improving power market and asset optimization [1,2]
Advanced information technology is the key to the smart grid, and bottlenecks located in the information collection, transmission, processing and sharing of the traditional power grid should be solved [3]
In addition to traditional power system devices, a large number of distributed energy resources (DER) and diverse smart clients are accessed by the cyber-physical power system (CPPS) [16]
Summary
With the application of intelligent technology, the demands for low-carbon living, and the driving forces of market regulation and government policy, the traditional power system is currently facing a significant transformation towards the smart grid system, for which the main features include self-healing and being of high quality, allowing various forms of power generation, and improving power market and asset optimization [1,2]. The key connotation of CPPS is the wide interconnection and integration of the physical power grid, sensor network, computing units, communication network, and control modules, through which the power system operates in a reliable, efficient, and real-time synergetic mode [8,9]. Due to the lack of real-time performance and model accuracy in a digital simulation platform, the process of control loop and the time sequence of data interaction in CPPS cannot be accurately constructed and analyzed. The original contributions of this work include: (1) the combination of digital simulation and analog simulation to achieve great modeling convenience, low development cost, high simulation speed, and close practicality; (2) the application of a hardware simulation into the control process to credibly reflect the internal control and external interaction characteristics; and (3) that all simulators could run in the real-time environment, which can make simulation close to the real-world physical process. Current Research of Cyber-Physical Power System (CPPS) and Co-Simulation Platforms
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