Abstract
The most common idiopathic interstitial lung disease (ILD) is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). It can be identified by the presence of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) via high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) or with the use of a lung biopsy. We hypothesized that a CT-based approach using handcrafted radiomics might be able to identify IPF patients with a radiological or histological UIP pattern from those with an ILD or normal lungs. A total of 328 patients from one center and two databases participated in this study. Each participant had their lungs automatically contoured and sectorized. The best radiomic features were selected for the random forest classifier and performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operator characteristics curve (AUC). A significant difference in the volume of the trachea was seen between a normal state, IPF, and non-IPF ILD. Between normal and fibrotic lungs, the AUC of the classification model was 1.0 in validation. When classifying between IPF with a typical HRCT UIP pattern and non-IPF ILD the AUC was 0.96 in validation. When classifying between IPF with UIP (radiological or biopsy-proved) and non-IPF ILD, an AUC of 0.66 was achieved in the testing dataset. Classification between normal, IPF/UIP, and other ILDs using radiomics could help discriminate between different types of ILDs via HRCT, which are hardly recognizable with visual assessments. Radiomic features could become a valuable tool for computer-aided decision-making in imaging, and reduce the need for unnecessary biopsies.
Highlights
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common progressive form of interstitial lung disease (ILD) with an unknown etiology, usually impacting older adults [1,2]
Diagnosis of IPF confirmed by Surgical lung biopsy (SLB) (n = 41); (G3) patients non-IPF ILD diagnosis confirmed by SLB (n = 42)
Using all-handcrafted radiomic features, we achieved a sensitivity of 98% and a specificity of 98% to identify an ILD
Summary
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common progressive form of interstitial lung disease (ILD) with an unknown etiology, usually impacting older adults [1,2]. In. 2011, four societies—the American Thoracic Society, the European Respiratory Society, the Japanese Respiratory Society, and the Latin American Thoracic Association—came together to issue an evidence-based statement, which provided recommendations for both the diagnosis and management of IPF [3]. 2011, four societies—the American Thoracic Society, the European Respiratory Society, the Japanese Respiratory Society, and the Latin American Thoracic Association—came together to issue an evidence-based statement, which provided recommendations for both the diagnosis and management of IPF [3] According to these recommendations, highresolution computed tomography (HRCT) can play a crucial role in the diagnosis of fibrotic lung diseases and has a significant impact on medical decision-making. Diagnosing IPF comes about using a multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) of the clinical, radiological, and, if available, pathological data showing a usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern which is the most common histopathological form of diffuse lung fibrosis [3,4].
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
