Abstract
A novel coaxial relativistic Cerenkov generator (CRCG) operating in quasi-transverse electromagnetic mode is proposed for generating Ku-band high-power microwave radiation. It is found that using a cathode with a shielding electrode can decrease the diffusing electric field in the diode, thereby allowing a CRCG with the proposed diode structure to operate in a low guiding magnetic field. Taking advantage of the two-sectional slow wave structure, the output power and conversion efficiency are improved. Furthermore, a simple optimization rule is proposed for the length of the drift cavity and is verified by numerical simulation. In a particle-in-cell simulation, when the diode voltage and beam current are 550 kV and 4.2 kA, respectively, the microwave with an output power of 1 GW at 15.3 GHz is achieved in a guiding magnetic field of 0.35 T, yielding a conversion efficiency of 43%.
Highlights
As high power microwave (HPM) technology has gradually matured, HPM generators have entered widespread civilian and military use.1–3 The relativistic Cerenkov generator is one of the most promising HPM generators
With the guiding magnetic field set to 0.35 T, Fig. 14 shows how the conversion efficiency and frequency vary with the diode voltage
For the proposed oversized coaxial slow wave structure (SWS), considering the starting current of the asymmetric modes are lower than that of the TEM mode, the asymmetric TE modes competition unavoidably happen in the startup of oscillation
Summary
As high power microwave (HPM) technology has gradually matured, HPM generators have entered widespread civilian and military use. The relativistic Cerenkov generator is one of the most promising HPM generators. Unlike an HRCG, introducing a coaxial inner conductor in a CRCG is effective for increasing both the space-charge-limited current and kinetic energy of the intense relativistic electron beam (IREB), thereby resulting in high conversion efficiency. Microwave pulses with an output power of 1.01 GW and an efficiency of 36% have been generated in the C-band by a CRCG operating in a guiding magnetic field of 3.2 T.9. For an HPM generator to be both lightweight and applicable in practice, the strength of the guiding magnetic field must be reduced.. CRCGs in L-band have achieved an output power of 1.07GW in low guiding magnetic field of 0.75 T.15.
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