A green approach to arsenic removal using ZnO nanoparticles synthesized from Acacia Catechu leaf extract

Abstract

One of the world's most prevalent environmental challenges is heavy metal contamination in water. Because of uncontrolled discharge from numerous sectors, this issue is particularly dangerous in rising countries' large cities. Because of their carcinogenic effects on humans and harmful environmental effects, heavy metals are expected to require special attention. Heavy metals can enter the environment from both anthropogenic and natural sources. As a result, bioaccumulation and transmission to the ecological pyramid via the food chain are very likely. Heavy metal removal is a difficult issue that must be solved if harmful effects on individuals and the environment are to be avoided or mitigated. The current study focuses on using the Acacia Catechu tree to make zinc oxide nanoparticles in an environmentally friendly manner. The Acacia Catechu plant's leaves were chosen because they contain a substantial amount of Flavonoids and Phenols, which are principally responsible for decreasing the precursor without the need of conventional synthesis chemicals. The nanoparticles were characterised by UV–Vis Spectroscopy, XRD, FT-IR, SEM, DLS, and TEM imaging methods. When perfect conditions are maintained at a dose of 0.3 gm, pH of 7, and an optimum period of 40 min, the highest percentage removal of arsenic utilising ZnO nanoparticles is 90.3 percent.