Abstract

This article examines J. G. Farrell’s depictions of colonial medicine as a means of analysing the historical reception of the further past and argues that the end-of-Empire context of the 1970s in which Farrell was writing informed his reappraisal of Imperial authority with particular regard to the limits of medical knowledge and treatment. The article illustrates how in The Siege of Krishnapur (1973), Farrell repeatedly sought to challenge the authority of medical and colonial history by making direct use of period material in the construction of his fictional narrative; by using these sources with deliberate critical intent, Farrell directly engages with the received historical narrative of colonial India, that the British presence brought progress and development, particularly in matters relating to medicine and health. To support these assertions the paper examines how Farrell employed primary sources and period medical practices such as the nineteenth-century debate between miasma and waterborne Cholera transmission and the popularity of phrenology within his novels in order to cast doubt over and interrogate the British right to rule. Overall the paper will argue that Farrell’s critique of colonial medical practices, apparently based on science and reason, was shaped by the political context of the 1970s and used to question the wider moral position of Empire throughout his fiction.

Highlights

  • The Empire Trilogy consists of novels based around three key episodes from the history of the British Empire, all of which share a characteristic emphasis on decline

  • I will illustrate how Farrell repeatedly sought to challenge the authority of medical and colonial history by making direct use of period material in the construction of fictional narratives; by using these sources with deliberate critical intent, Farrell directly engages with the received historical narrative of colonial India, that the British presence brought progress and development, in matters relating to medicine and health

  • The statistically-sound analyses and alternative forms of treatment conducted by Snow in London are shown to gain little traction in an Indian context; in this sense, Farrell’s novel is reflective of the ‘fiercely divided’ state of the Indian Medical Service (IMS), which continued to support miasma theory well into the early twentieth century, arguing that environmental pollution, bad air, poor sanitation as well as impure water were the source of cholera in India (Klein 1980, 30)

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Summary

Introduction

I will examine Farrell’s depictions of colonial medicine as a means of analysing the historical reception of the further past and argue that the end-of-Empire context in which Farrell was writing informed his reappraisal of Imperial authority with particular regard to the limits of medical knowledge and treatment. I will illustrate how Farrell repeatedly sought to challenge the authority of medical and colonial history by making direct use of period material in the construction of fictional narratives; by using these sources with deliberate critical intent, Farrell directly engages with the received historical narrative of colonial India, that the British presence brought progress and development, in matters relating to medicine and health.

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