A Grammar for Representing Uniform Local Binary Patterns (ULBP)

Vakulabharanam Vijaya Kumar,Vishnu Murthy G,A Obulesu

doi:10.24297/ijct.v14i1.2129

Vakulabharanam Vijaya Kumar, Vishnu Murthy G + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v14i1.2129

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Abstract

One of the recently invented theoretically simple and efficient operators that is playing a significant role in image processing, pattern recognition and other domains is the Local Binary Pattern (LBP). LBP measures the local texture features on a given neighbourhood efficiently. The Uniform LBP (ULBP) that is derived on LBP is treated as the fundamental unit of the textures. There 58 ULBPs out of 256 LBPs on a 3 x3 neighbourhood. Further the textures on average contain 75% to 90% of the patterns as ULBP only. One disadvantage is representing all 58 ULBS. To say whether a given LBP is uniform or not one should march the given LBP with 58 Patterns. Very few research scholars derived grammar to represent patterns that arises from 2-D images. The present paper addresses the above problem by generating a simple array grammar that represents all ULBP on a 3 x 3 neighbourhood or with 8 neighbours.The present paper tests the proposed Array Grammar model of ULBP (AG-ULBP) with various LBP patterns to prove its accuracy.

Highlights

Images and graphics are among the most important media formats for human communication and they provide a rich amount of information for people to understand the world
Property four: The derived AG-Uniform LBP (ULBP) is non ambiguous because it is a right linear grammar
To test the accuracy and efficacy of the proposed Array Grammar model of ULBP (AG-ULBP) the following 8-bit Local Binary Patterns (LBP‟s) are given as input and the Left most derivation is followed in recognizing the LBP‟s as ULBP or NULBP

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Images and graphics are among the most important media formats for human communication and they provide a rich amount of information for people to understand the world. „Local Binary Pattern‟ (LBP) operator, first introduced by Ojala et al [20], is a robust but theoretically and computationally simple approach for texture analysis. (LBP) operator, first introduced by Ojala et al [20], is a robust but theoretically and computationally simple approach It is a grey-scale invariant texture measure computed from the analysis of a 3x3 local neighborhood over a central pixel. LBP is a simple yet efficient operator to describe local image pattern, and it has achieved impressive classification results on representative texture databases. A pattern is considered „uniform‟ (U) if the number of transitions in the sequence between 0 to 1 or 1 to 0 is less than or equal to two It was observed by Ojala et al [32, 33] that ULBP seem to be fundamental properties of texture. S ={ S }; N={ S, A, B, C, D, E, F, G ,H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q} ; t={0,1}; and the production rules P are given below:

Properties of the derived AG-ULBP

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

CONCLUSIONS