Abstract
The appeal of GPR for sedimentological application lies in its ability to image sedimentary structures and lithologic boundaries based on changes in their electrical properties, and thus reflectivity, at very high resolution. The EM reflection coefficient is sensitive to changes that affect the air/freshwater ratio—i.e., the fractional volume of fluid occupying pore space in sedimentary rock. Freshwater content exerts a primary control over dielectric properties of common geologic materials. Sedimentological GPR studies have shown the relationship between radar reflections and bedding that is a result of changes in sediment composition and in grain size, shape, orientation, and packing, which in turn result in changes in porosity.
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