Abstract
Glycolate, the substrate for photorespiration (Tolbert, 1981), is formed in the chloroplast stroma. Because glycolate is metabolized in other organelles, it must cross the chloroplast envelope. Although envelopes are permeable to glycolic acid (Howitz, McCarty, 1982), the rate of glycolate penetration at physiological pH values by simple diffusion of glycolic acid is much slower than that of photorespiration. More recently we detected an extremely rapid phase of glycolate uptake by chloroplasts (Howitz, McCarty, 1983). When glycolate uptake is measured within the first three seconds after addition of the glycolate, glycolate uptake rates saturate with respect to glycolate concentration and are inhibited by sulfhydryl reagents and by structurally-related compounds. These results suggest that glycolate transport across the chloroplast envelope is a mediated process. In this report, we present some new data on glycolate transport.
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