Abstract
The Mentawai Megathrust is predicted to cause a tsunami with the tremendous effects to societies and environments. As the coastal area located across the epicenter, Padang City is expected to have a high vulnerability to be surged by this future hazard. This issue has gradually grown in importance to provide an effective disaster countermeasure for minimizing losses and suffering. As the fuel is one of the most critical items required in the aftermath of disaster, this study seeks to propose the disaster relief planning in Padang City, particularly in the fuel location-allocation decisions to cope with the effects caused by the probable tsunami. In this research the Geographic Information System (GIS)-based optimization is utilized to generate the appropriate number of facilities as well as its allocated capacity to serve several demand points (e.g. hospitals and refugee camps) during the emergency periods. This paper initially considers the potential inundation area based on the worst-case scenario developed by the disaster countermeasure agency to identify the likelihood of the impassable paths and the candidate facilities in the safe zone. By using P-Median analysis, this work recommends 9 strategic facilities to handle 18 demand points during the critical periods. This study provides an exciting opportunity to comprehensively obtain the suitable facilities in order to fulfill the fuel needs in the disaster aftermath. Due to practical constraints, this paper may be further improved to be Decisions Support Systems (DSS) with the consideration to the real time conditions during emergency periods.
Highlights
The West Sumatra has a high level of vulnerability to earthquake and tsunami
The study conducted by EOS Nanyang Technological University Singapore and LIPI declared that the rupture in the subduction zones along megathrust faults will trigger an earthquake followed by tsunami with height of 10 meters or more (BPBD Kota Padang, 2017)
Padang City, the coastal region located at 150 km away across the epicenter, is expected to be the most affected area caused by this future hazard
Summary
The West Sumatra has a high level of vulnerability to earthquake and tsunami. This is because of the prediction on the occurrence of the natural hazard, Mentawai Megathrust which is located just across the west coast of Sumatra island. The study conducted by EOS Nanyang Technological University Singapore and LIPI declared that the rupture in the subduction zones along megathrust faults will trigger an earthquake followed by tsunami with height of 10 meters or more (BPBD Kota Padang, 2017). These future calamities may lead to tremendous effects to societies and environments. Padang City has the most considerable numbers on the people potentially exposed by tsunami due to its flat topography and the numbers of human settlements as well as economic activities concentrated along the shoreline (Latief, 2012) This is becoming the major challenge faced by the relief stakeholders in order to provide effective relief efforts regarding to the number of people requesting assistance.
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